Essay on Mongolia

Mongolia is a huge landlocked country in Northern Asian, between China and Russia. The study shows that there are about three millions of people living in Mongolia right now. Mongolia was formerly known as Outer Mongolia. The capital and largest city is Ulaanbaatar. Mongolians’ main language is Khalkha Mongol language. But today, their language is different; all Mongolians must learn Russian languages in school. This used to be a communism country but now the government type is parliamentary after the year of 1996. Mongolian’ life is not easy. Their way of life is nomadic and herding their animals. They travel a lot and try to take good care of their animals at the same time. Livestock herding seem to play a huge role in Mongolia because there are over two hundred thousands of livestock in this country.

The word Mongol come from a small tribe whose leader is Ghengis Khan. Ghengis Khan was the founder of an empire of China and other countries. In the year of 1921, Soviet troops marched to Mongolia and the communists tried to conquest this country. Thus, Mongolia became a communism country. In 1945, China made a treaty with Mongolia. Under the Chinese-Russian Treaty, China agreed to give up Outer Mongolia. In 1996, the election was won by democratic coalition. After many years, Mongolia finally made its way to democracy. Parliament and the President of Mongolia are elected democratically by Mongolia people.

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Mongolians are nomadic herders who live in felt tents called gers and herd their animals to their seasonal grazing grounds. The reason why Mongolians move around a lot is because they need to find food for their animals. Livestock herding is the main important thing for the nomadic lifestyle. Gers are very useful to them because they are easy to set up and then dismantle it. Gers also provide warmth in the cold winter time and cool shade in the summer time. It is also strong enough to protect them from the strong winds. Traditionally, many nomadic family graze their livestock for a few weeks in an area, then after a few weeks later, the family would pack everything up and move on to another place. That is why the family uses gers because it makes their lives easier to move around. Today, many Mongolia people are moving to the cities and live in Russian-style apartment buildings or in baishin. Baishin are homes that are made up of wood, mud and cement. However, the traditional nomadic lifestyle is still a way of life for many Mongolians.

People in Mongolia love to eat meat and milk products. But they hate to eat fish and poultry. Because there are so many herd animals in this country, many Mongolians eat animal products. Mongolia has a history of raising and caring their livestock. Horses, cattle, sheep, goats, and camels are praised as the “five treasures”. This is because they need the animals to eat in order to survive. Mongolians hardly eat grain or vegetables. In fact, vegetarians are unheard of in Mongolia! Fruits and vegetables are not very popular,that is why they are not seen or selling to the people on the street or in markets.

Every year in July, Mongolians celebrate the anniversary of the 1921 Mongolian Revolution by holding a Naadam festival. A Naadam festival is a series of sporting events that include Mongolia’s three popular sports. The three sports are archery, wrestling and horse-racing. Back in history, these three sports were used to develop skills for Mongolian warriors. A few years later, after the democratization of Mongolia, the tradition of past activities have become very important. Mongolians also hold another festival in January. The festival is for Tsagaan Sar or “white month”. In this festival, Mongolians celebrate the lunar new years with three days of eating, drinking and singing.

The traditional costume in Mongolia is a long colorful flowing robe. These people wear heavy trousers that are tucked into high leather boots in the winter time. In the summertime, they wear a robe called del. Del is buttoned at the throat, right shoulder and right side and reaches to almost to the ground. Hats are also very popular for Mongolians’ clothes style. Traditional women’ costumes are very bright and fancy decorated. To make it more interesting, for married women, their hair dress resemble wild sheep horns or wings.

Traditionally, Mongolian weddings are set up by an agreement between two families. The families must trade goods with each other. The groom’s family has to give the bride’s family livestock. As for the bride’s family, they have to give up their jewelries, clothing and furniture to give to the groom’s family. After the couples get married, they have a ger (tent) of their own. They feel like that it would be improper to share with other family members.

In Mongolia, the traditional faith is Lamaists Buddhists. But in the year of 1929, the communist government tried to get rid of them. During the communist rule, all religions were forbidden and thousands of Buddhists were arrested. The communist government sent them to Siberian labor camps. Sadly, most of them were never heard or see from again. Thus, all monasteries were closed and all religious worship and ceremonies were outlawed. Finally, in 1990, the Buddhists got their freedom back. Ever since then, most people became interested in practicing Buddhism and in many other religions. Buddhism also played a bug role in the department of Mongolia culture. The Mongolian’s perceptions, psychology, traditional, and thinking was dominated by Buddhism’s philosophy.

Mongolia’s paintings, music and literature are dominated by Buddhism and nomadism. Nomadism created this Tsam dances to chase away the evil spirits. Their traditional music includes a lot of different instruments and singing styles. Women and men in Mongolia work really hard to take care of their families. Most of the time, Mongolian women herded and milked sheep and tried to handle the household by themselves. Their husbands were out to work or to perform military service. The women were responsible to take care of the sheep while the men took care of the horses. Horses are the main important animals in Mongolia; most people value them.

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